3.14 Recall that a nucleus of a cell contains chromosomes on which genes are located

Notes

Chromosome = genetic information within a cell

Typical cell -> Nucleus -> Chromosomes -> DNA (double helix structure) -> Repeating structure known as 'Gene'

Gene = instructions for construction of a protein which define organism characteristics
-> Different organisms contains different number of chromosomes, humans = 46 per cell.

Chromosomes operate in homologous pairs (X,Y), based upon LENGTH of chromosomes (similar lengths will operate together)
-> Identical genes located at identical postion on the chromosomes - known as the gene loci
   -> 2 versions of each gene for 1 characteristic, known as alleles